Iraq's economy has long relied on oil exports, and recent pipeline shutdowns have exposed the country's vulnerability. Analysts estimate the losses at over $35 billion, affecting both government revenue and public services. The disruption also strained relations with the Kurdish region, which plays a crucial role in Iraq's hydrocarbon production.

On Wednesday, eight international oil companies reached an agreement to resume Kurdish oil exports under a new framework. The plan requires firms to meet with Kurdish authorities within 30 days to address outstanding debts, estimated at around $1 billion. Resolving these arrears is critical for stabilizing operations and ensuring timely payments.

Despite the agreement, not all companies are on board. Norwegian operator DNO ASA has announced it will not restart exports without secure payment guarantees. This cautious approach highlights the ongoing financial uncertainties and the complexity of Iraq's oil sector, where delayed payments and revenue-sharing disputes remain pressing challenges.

Oil remains Iraq's primary revenue source. As a founding member of OPEC, the country exports roughly 3.4 million barrels per day, with oil accounting for nearly 90 percent of government income. These funds are essential for infrastructure, public services, and national development projects, emphasizing the sector's vital economic role.

The resumption of Kurdish exports offers immediate relief for both Baghdad and Erbil, reducing fiscal pressures and signaling a path toward normalization. However, resolving debt disputes and establishing long-term revenue-sharing agreements will require careful negotiation and strategic compromise.

International investors and policymakers will closely watch Iraq's next steps. Effective implementation could stabilize the energy sector, restore confidence, and ensure that oil continues to drive economic growth while fostering cooperation between Baghdad and the Kurdish authorities.


Source:

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